The History and Importance of the Rear Naked Choke

Roots in Combat and Self-Defense

The Rear Naked Choke has its roots in various martial arts and combat systems, being globally popularized by Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. Its effectiveness is so widely recognized that it is a basic technique in military and security training. In the context of Jiu-Jitsu, it represents the pinnacle of positional control, as it is applied from the opponent’s back, a position of almost absolute dominance.

The Universal Submission

The universality of the Rear Naked Choke lies in its applicability. Whether in a sport combat on the mat or in a real self-defense situation, the ability to control and submit an opponent from behind is invaluable. It does not rely on excessive physical strength, but on precision and timing, making it accessible and powerful for practitioners of all sizes and levels.

Why is the Rear Naked Choke So Effective?

The Principle of Blood Choke

The Rear Naked Choke is a blood choke, meaning it compresses the carotid arteries in the opponent’s neck. This compression restricts blood flow to the brain. Unlike a respiratory choke (which blocks the trachea), the Rear Naked Choke acts quickly, causing a loss of consciousness in a few seconds if applied correctly. This makes it extremely effective and, at the same time, demands responsibility in its application.

Undeniable Positional Advantage

The back position is the most dominant in Jiu-Jitsu. From there, the practitioner has control over the opponent’s head and arms, drastically limiting their defense and escape options. The Rear Naked Choke takes advantage of this positional superiority, allowing the applicator to use their body structure to maximize pressure with minimal effort.

Step-by-Step Execution of the Rear Naked Choke

Establishing Back Control

Before thinking about submitting, it is crucial to establish and maintain back control. This usually involves having the hooks (feet) inserted into the opponent’s inner thighs and controlling their arms to prevent them from turning.

The First Arm: Wrapping the Neck

With back control established, the first arm (the one that will go under the opponent’s neck) should wrap around the neck, with the palm facing the opponent’s opposite shoulder. The hand should be tight, leaving no space.

The Second Arm: Closing the Lever

The second arm is what “closes” the lever. It goes over the first arm, and the hand grabs the bicep of the arm that is around the neck. The other hand (the one on the neck) should then grab the opponent’s head or the gi collar, depending on the variation.

The Pressure: Bringing Elbows Together and Squeezing

The final pressure is applied by bringing the elbows together, as if trying to touch them. At the same time, the practitioner should squeeze the arm around the neck, using the forearm to compress the carotid arteries. The opponent’s head should be pulled back, against the applicator’s chest.

Common Rear Naked Choke Variations and Setups

Rear Naked Choke with Gi (Gi Choke)

When using the gi, the Rear Naked Choke can be enhanced by using the lapels. Instead of grabbing one’s own bicep, the hand that closes the lever grabs the opponent’s opposite gi lapel, providing a firmer and more controlled grip.

Setups from Transitions

The Rear Naked Choke rarely comes out of nowhere. It is the result of a series of transitions and controls. Learning to transition from mount, side control, or a sweep to the back is fundamental for creating submission opportunities.

Counter-Attacks and Reversals

Often, a Rear Naked Choke attempt can be used as a bait for other submissions or to maintain positional control. Understanding how the opponent reacts and having a Plan B is part of mastery.

Safety and Ethics in Applying the Rear Naked Choke

The Importance of Tapping

Safety is paramount in Jiu-Jitsu. The Rear Naked Choke, due to its effectiveness, requires the practitioner applying it to be attentive to the opponent’s tap signal. At the slightest sign of discomfort or tap, the pressure must be immediately released. This is an act of respect and ensures the physical integrity of both practitioners.

Gradual and Controlled Application

The pressure of the Rear Naked Choke should be applied gradually and in a controlled manner. This allows the opponent time to react and tap, minimizing the risk of injury. Rushing the application can lead to accidents.

Training and Improving the Rear Naked Choke

Repetition (Drills)

Mastery of the Rear Naked Choke, like any Jiu-Jitsu technique, comes with repetition. Specific drills, where the technique is practiced countless times with a cooperative partner, are essential for developing muscle memory and fluidity.

Controlled Rolling

Practicing the Rear Naked Choke during rolling (simulated fights) is crucial for learning to apply it under pressure. Start with lighter rolls, focusing on correct technique execution, and gradually increase intensity.

Instructor Feedback

Instructor feedback is invaluable. They can identify small adjustments in your grip, positioning, or pressure that will make a big difference in the effectiveness of your Rear Naked Choke. Do not hesitate to ask questions and seek continuous improvement.